Riyadh: a monumental 21st century mosque between Najdi tradition and architectural audacity

The X Architects firm, based in Dubai, presented the project for the future Grand Mosque in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Located in Diriyah, along Wadi Hanifah — a natural valley that runs through the region and plays an important role in Riyadh’s ecosystem and history — it is part of the vast Diriyah Gate II program, linked to the kingdom’s Vision 2030 strategy.

The complex will extend over more than 21,000 m² and will be able to accommodate up to 11,400 worshippers. It will include prayer rooms for men and women, ablution areas, but also facilities open to the public such as classrooms, a library and a café. A large central courtyard is also provided for Eid prayers and events.

The project stands out for its architecture inspired by the traditional Najdi style — a style typical of central Saudi Arabia, characterized by earth constructions, simple shapes and thick facades adapted to the heat. Here, it is revisited with latticework facades and triangular openings that let light through. A stacked minaret will mark the entrance to the site, designed as a visible landmark in the city. Inside, the spaces have been designed to offer a calming atmosphere, with filtered natural light and open volumes. The entire project seeks to reconcile modernity, respect for local traditions and adaptation to the climate.

Finally, the architects wanted to make this mosque a place of life beyond just prayer. It must also welcome residents on a daily basis, with accessible and shaded spaces, encouraging meetings and community activities.